Elevating Tanzania's Tourism: Integrating GIS, AR and AI for Immersive Exploration and Promotion
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Published:
Jul 16, 2024
Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR), Destination Management, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Tourism Promotion
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Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive examination of the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in tourism promotion in Tanzania. The literature review underscores the significance of these technologies in enhancing visitor experiences, destination management, and marketing strategies. The proposed integrated system design combines GIS's spatial mapping capabilities, AI's personalised recommendations, and AR's immersive content delivery to optimise tourist satisfaction and engagement. Key components include the GIS module for spatial data management, the AI recommendation engine for personalised suggestions, and the AR interface for immersive content overlay. Discussions highlight how the proposed system, by addressing critical challenges in the tourism sector, aligns with existing research findings and reassures its effectiveness. Ultimately, the study emphasises the potential of GIS, AR and AI technologies to revolutionise tourism promotion in Tanzania, fostering sustainable growth and cultural appreciation while enhancing visitor experiences.
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How to Cite
[1]
lazaro I. Kumbo, S. B. Juma, and M. L. Mushi, “Elevating Tanzania’s Tourism: Integrating GIS, AR and AI for Immersive Exploration and Promotion”, AJERD, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 104-114, Jul. 2024.
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References
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[23] Del Valle, J. C. & Lara, F. (2023). AI-powered recommender systems and the preservation of personal autonomy. AI & SOCIETY. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01720-2
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[27] Salemink, K., Strijker, D. & Bosworth, G. (2017). Rural development in the digital age: A Systematic literature review on unequal ICT availability, adoption, and use in rural areas. Journal of Rural Studies, 54, 360–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.09.001
[28] Ferrari, A., Bacco, M., Gaber, K., Jedlitschka, A., Hess, S., Kaipainen, J., Koltsida, P., Toli, E. & Brunori, G. (2022). Drivers, barriers, and impacts of digitalisation in rural areas from the viewpoint of experts. Information & Software Technology, 145, 106816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2021.106816
[29] Li, L., Ban, H., Wechsler, S. P. & Xu, B. (2018). Spatial data uncertainty. In Elsevier eBooks, 313–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.09610-x
[30] Radovanović, D. (2023). I am rethinking digital literacy. In Springer eBooks, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30808-6_1
[31] Bacalja, A., Beavis, C. & O’Brien, A. (2022). Shifting landscapes of digital literacy. The Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, 45(2), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44020-022-00019-x
[32] Pelzang, R. & Hutchinson, A. M. (2018). We are establishing cultural integrity in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1), 160940691774970. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917749702
[33] Ioannou, A., Tussyadiah, I. & Miller, G. (2020). That is private! Understanding travellers’ privacy Concerns and online data disclosure. Journal of Travel Research, 60(7), 1510–1526. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520951642
[34] Gong, Y. & Schroeder, A. (2022). A systematic literature review of data privacy and security research on smart tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 44, 101019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.101019
[35] Bazargani, J. S., Zafari, M., Sadeghi‐Niaraki, A. & Choi, S. (2022). A survey of GIS and AR integration: Applications. Sustainability, 14(16), 10134. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610134
[36] Zigah, E., Barry, M. & Creti, A. (2022). Are Mini-Grid projects in Tanzania financially sustainable? In Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz , 233–261, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_10
[37] Amović, G., Maksimović, R. & Bunčić, S. (2020). Critical Success Factors for Sustainable Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in transition conditions: an empirical study in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sustainability, 12(17), 7121. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177121
[38] Costa, D. G., Bittencourt, J. C. N., Oliveira, F., Peixoto, J. P. J. & Jesus, T. C. (2024). Achieving Sustainable Smart Cities through Geospatial Data-Driven Approaches. Sustainability, 16(2), 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020640
[39] Golightly, L., Chang, V., Xu, Q., Gao, X. & Liu, B. S. (2022). Adoption of cloud computing as innovation in the organisation. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 14, 184797902210939. https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790221093992
[2] Sinclair, A. (2012). Serengeti Story: Life and Science in the World’s Greatest Wildlife Region. Oxford University Press. [3] Wamboye, E., Nyaronga, P. J. & Sergi, B. S. (2020). What are the determinants of international Tourism in Tanzania?
World Development Perspectives, 17, 100175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2020.100175
[4] Watch Tanzania: The Royal Tour | Prime Video. (n.d.). https://www.amazon.com/Tanzania-Royal-Tour-Peter Greenberg/dp/B09Q3MWCCZ
[5] Kyara, V. C., Rahman, M. M. & Khanam, R. (2021). Tourism expansion and economic growth in Tanzania: A causality analysis. Heliyon, 7(5), e06966. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06966
[6] Wamboye, E. (2022). A critical evaluation of Tanzania’s tourism sector. In Springer eBooks (255–318), https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75556-0_11
[7] Soward, E. & Li, J. (2021). ArcGIS Urban: an application for plan assessment. Computational Urban Science, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-021-00016-9
[8] Bozzelli, G., Raia, A., Ricciardi, S., De Nino, M., Barile, N., Perrella, M., Tramontano, M., Pagano, A. & Palombini, A. (2019). An integrated VR/AR framework for a user-centric interactive experience of cultural heritage: The ArkaeVision project. Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 15, e00124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daach.2019.e00124
[9] Castilla, R., Pacheco, A. & Franco, J. (2023). Digital government: Mobile applications and their impact on access to public information. SoftwareX, 22, 101382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2023.101382
[10] Lim, W. M., Jasim, K. M. & Das, M. (2024). Augmented and virtual reality in hotels: Impact on Tourist satisfaction and intention to stay and return. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 116, 103631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2023.103631
[11] Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., Singh, R. P. & Suman, R. (2022). Artificial intelligence (AI) marketing applications: A literature-based study. International Journal of Intelligent Networks, 3, 119–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijin.2022.08.005
[12] Van Nuenen, T. & Scarles, C. (2021). Advancements in technology and digital media in tourism. Tourist Studies, 21(1), 119–132. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468797621990410
[13] Lupiana, D. (2023). The digitalisation of Tanzania’s tourism industry. In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology book series (215–229). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6873-9.ch013
[14] Al-Ansi, A. M., Jaboob, M., Garad, A. & Al-Ansi, A. M. (2023). Analysing recent educational developments in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR). Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 8(1), 100532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100532
[15] Webster, P. (2024). How AI-powered handheld devices are boosting disease diagnostics - from cancer to dermatology. Nature Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41591-024-00016-2
[16] Magige, J. M., Jepkosgei, C. & Onywere, S. M. (2020). Use of GIS and remote sensing in tourism. In Springer eBooks (1–27). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05324-6_118-1
[17] Dieck, M. C. T., Jung, T. & Rauschnabel, P. A. (2018). Determining visitor engagement through augmented reality at science festivals: An experience economy perspective. Computers in Human Behaviour, 82, 44–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.12.043
[18] Scholz, J. & Smith, A. (2016). Augmented reality: Designing immersive experiences that maximise consumer engagement. Business Horizons, 59(2), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2015.10.003
[19] Bulchand‐Gidumal, J. (2020). Impact of artificial intelligence in travel, tourism, and hospitality. In Springer eBooks (1–20). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05324-6_110-1
[20] Karami, Z. & Kashef, R. (2020). Thoughtful transportation planning: Data, models, and algorithms. Transportation Engineering, 2, 100013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.treng.2020.100013
[21] Asadullah, A., Faik, I. & Kankanhalli, A. (2018). Digital Platforms: A review and future Directions, In Proceeding of PACIS, 2018, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327971665
[22] Wang, L. & Li, X. (2023). The five influencing factors of tourist loyalty: A meta-analysis. PROS ONE, 18(4), e0283963. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283963
[23] Del Valle, J. C. & Lara, F. (2023). AI-powered recommender systems and the preservation of personal autonomy. AI & SOCIETY. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-023-01720-2
[24] Zhang, Q., Lu, J., & Jin, Y. (2020). Artificial intelligence in recommender systems. Complex & Intelligent Systems, 7(1), 439–457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40747-020-00212-w
[25] Habil, S. G. M., El-Deeb, S. & El-Bassiouny, N. (2023). AI-Based Recommendation Systems: The ultimate solution for market prediction and targeting. In Springer eBooks (683–704). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14961-0_30
[26] Nguyen, N. P. & Mogaji, E. (2023). Artificial intelligence for a seamless experience across channels. In Springer eBooks , 81–203. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-33898-4_8
[27] Salemink, K., Strijker, D. & Bosworth, G. (2017). Rural development in the digital age: A Systematic literature review on unequal ICT availability, adoption, and use in rural areas. Journal of Rural Studies, 54, 360–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.09.001
[28] Ferrari, A., Bacco, M., Gaber, K., Jedlitschka, A., Hess, S., Kaipainen, J., Koltsida, P., Toli, E. & Brunori, G. (2022). Drivers, barriers, and impacts of digitalisation in rural areas from the viewpoint of experts. Information & Software Technology, 145, 106816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2021.106816
[29] Li, L., Ban, H., Wechsler, S. P. & Xu, B. (2018). Spatial data uncertainty. In Elsevier eBooks, 313–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.09610-x
[30] Radovanović, D. (2023). I am rethinking digital literacy. In Springer eBooks, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30808-6_1
[31] Bacalja, A., Beavis, C. & O’Brien, A. (2022). Shifting landscapes of digital literacy. The Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, 45(2), 253–263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44020-022-00019-x
[32] Pelzang, R. & Hutchinson, A. M. (2018). We are establishing cultural integrity in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 17(1), 160940691774970. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917749702
[33] Ioannou, A., Tussyadiah, I. & Miller, G. (2020). That is private! Understanding travellers’ privacy Concerns and online data disclosure. Journal of Travel Research, 60(7), 1510–1526. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287520951642
[34] Gong, Y. & Schroeder, A. (2022). A systematic literature review of data privacy and security research on smart tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 44, 101019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.101019
[35] Bazargani, J. S., Zafari, M., Sadeghi‐Niaraki, A. & Choi, S. (2022). A survey of GIS and AR integration: Applications. Sustainability, 14(16), 10134. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610134
[36] Zigah, E., Barry, M. & Creti, A. (2022). Are Mini-Grid projects in Tanzania financially sustainable? In Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz , 233–261, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_10
[37] Amović, G., Maksimović, R. & Bunčić, S. (2020). Critical Success Factors for Sustainable Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in transition conditions: an empirical study in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sustainability, 12(17), 7121. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12177121
[38] Costa, D. G., Bittencourt, J. C. N., Oliveira, F., Peixoto, J. P. J. & Jesus, T. C. (2024). Achieving Sustainable Smart Cities through Geospatial Data-Driven Approaches. Sustainability, 16(2), 640. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020640
[39] Golightly, L., Chang, V., Xu, Q., Gao, X. & Liu, B. S. (2022). Adoption of cloud computing as innovation in the organisation. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 14, 184797902210939. https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790221093992