Mechanical Characterization and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Recycled Low Density Polyethylene Filled Unsaturated Polyester Composite
Article Sidebar
Published:
Mar 31, 2024
Keywords:
Composite, Unsaturated Polyester Resin, Recycled Low-density Polyethylene, Mechanical Properties, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis
Main Article Content
Abstract
Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) is widely used as matrix in composite development; however, it has poor toughness property. To solve this problem, many researchers have used different tougheners to modify the resin, but the use of recycled low-density polyethylene (RLDPE) has not been explored. This work is aimed at modifying unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) with recycled low-density polyethylene (RLDPE) as a toughener and establishing the effects on the mechanical and dynamic mechanical performance of the RLDPE-filled polyester composite. Unsaturated polyester resin was modified with 1.18 mm RLDPE at different proportions of 1-4 wt%. Casting method was used for the production and the mechanical and dynamic mechanical analyses of the produced composite materials were carried out using ASTM standards. UPR modified with 1.5 wt% RLDPE exhibited the best impact than the un-modified UPR. The control (un-modified) sample had the highest flexural and tensile strength of 18 MPa and 14.02 MPa respectively which was about 26% and 25% higher than UPR modified with 1 wt% RLDPE. The Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) result showed that the composite does not depend strongly on the modifier loading as no regular pattern was observed for storage modulus, loss modulus and damping factor respectively.
Article Details
How to Cite
Adegboro, N. N., Isa, M. T., & Bello, T. K. (2024). Mechanical Characterization and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Recycled Low Density Polyethylene Filled Unsaturated Polyester Composite. ABUAD Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 7(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.53982/ajerd.2024.0701.03-j
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
[1] Abeer, A. (2019). Modification the characterization of Epoxy Polyester Blend using Titanium Dioxide Filler, Internal journal of Mechanical Engineering and technology, 10(3), 1492-1501.
[2] Adane, A. A., & Awoke, F. W. (2022). Characterization of Chemically Treated Sisal Fiber Polyester Composite, Journal of Engineering 2022, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8583213
[3] Bello, T. K., Oladipo, M. O., Idris, A., Beka, F. B., Unachukwu, U. P., & Bukar, A. (2021). Production of Reinforced Polyester Composite from Okra Fibre and Sawdust, Nigerian Journal of Technological Development, 18(4), 288-295.
[4] Chandresh, M. P., Ani Dechamma, C. D., Bhavana, M., Rameshwara, N., & Roopa, S. (2021). Toughening of unsaturated polyester resin by solid elastomers and liquid rubbers: A review, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 4885-4891.
[5] Diana, K., Volodymyr, L., Ulyana, K., Volodymyr, M. & Andrii, M. (2019). Physicochemical Principles of Synthesis and Modification of Unsaturated Polyester-Polyvinyl Chloride Composites and the properties of Material Derived from Them, International Journal of Polymer Science, 2019, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2547384
[6] Isa., M. T., Ahmed, A. S., Aderemi, B. O., Taib, R. M., & Muhammed-Dabo, I. A. (2015). Effect of Dioctyl Phthalate on the properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin, International Journal of Material Science, 7(1), 9-20.
[7] Gupta, M. K., & Rohit, S. (2018). Flexural and Dynamic Mechanical (DMA) of Polylactic Acid (PLA) Coated Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite, Material Today: Proceedings, 5(1), 6109-6114.
[8] Shayesteh, H., & Gregory, D. S. (2015). Natural Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite: A Literature Review, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composite, 34(14), 1179-1190. DOI:10.1177/0731684415588938
[9] Salar, B. (2012). Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite, Chapter Matrices Overview, DOI: 10.5772/48697.
[10] Dumbili, E., & Lesley, H. (2020). Plastic Waste and Recycling, Environmental Impact, Social Issues, Prevention and Solutions. 569-583. http://doi.org/101016/B978-012817880-5.00022-0
[11] Kachalla, F. I., Baba, S. K., Ali, M. F., Sheriff, A., & Hadiza, B. G. (2020). The Environmental effects of dumped sachet (Polyethene) water on soil, International Journal of Science and Engineering Research, 11(1), 624-636.
[12] Golam, K. M., Nahid, I. M., Rafat, S., Huy, Q. N., & Monjur, M. (2023). Plastic Waste: Challenges and Opportunities to Mitigate Pollution and Effective Management. International Journal of Environmental Research, 17(1), 1- 37.
[13] Ifeoluwa, O. B. (2019). Harmful Effects and Management of Indiscriminate Solid Waste Disposal on Human and its Environment in Nigeria: A Review, Glob J Res Rev, 6(4), 1427-1431.
[14] Ashrith, S. H., Jeevan, T. P., & Jinyang, Xu (2023). A review on the fabrication and mechanical characterization of Fibrous Composites for Engineering Applications, J. Compos. Sci., 7(6), 252.
[15] Hassan., S. B., Oghenevweta, J. E., &. Aigbodion, V. S (2012). Morphological and Mechanical properties of Carbonized Waste Maize Stalk as reinforcement for Eco-Composites, Composite: Part B., 43(5), 2230-2236.
[16] Jassim, S. M. (2015). Studying some Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Composite Reinforced by Carbon Black Particulate, Journal of Babylon University, Engineering Science, 23(2), 1-5.
[17] Li, Q. W., Jin, Shetty, A., & Gupta, N. (2023). Dynamic Mechanical analysis of Cementitious Composites: Test Method Optimization and Materials Characterization, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 35(8) https://doi.org/10.106/jMCEE7.MTENG-14067
[18] Jacob, J., Mamza, P. A. P., Ahmed, A. S., & Yaro, S. A. (2019). Mechanical and dynamic mechanical characterization of groundnut shell powder filled recycled high density polyethylene composite. Science World Journal 14(1), 92-97.
[19] Rana, S. S., Gupta, M. K., & Srivastava, R. K. (2017). Effect of variation in frequencies on dynamic mechanical properties of short sisal fibre reinforced polyester composite, Materials Today: Proceedings 4(2), 3387-3396.
[20] Sethuraman, B., Subramani, S. P., Palaniappan, S. K., Mylsamy, B., & Aruchamy, K. (2020). Experimental investigation on dynamic mechanical and thermal characteristics of Coccinia Indica Fiber reinforced polyester composites. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 2020(15), 1- 6.
[21] Paiva, J. M. F., & Frollini, E. (2006). Unmodified and Modified Surface Sisal Fibres as Reinforcement of Phenolic and
Lignophenolic Matrices Composites: Thermal analyses of fibres and composites, Macromolecular Materials and
Engineering, 291(4), 405-417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.200500334
[22] Gupta, M. K. (2018). Effects of variation in frequencies on dynamic mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Journal of Material and Environmental Science, 9 (1), 100-106.
[23] Acar, E., & Aydin, M. (2021). Damping behaviour of Al/SiC functionally graded and metal matrix composites, Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies., 9(2), 578-585. https://doi.org/10.1080/21870764.2021.1904606.
[2] Adane, A. A., & Awoke, F. W. (2022). Characterization of Chemically Treated Sisal Fiber Polyester Composite, Journal of Engineering 2022, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8583213
[3] Bello, T. K., Oladipo, M. O., Idris, A., Beka, F. B., Unachukwu, U. P., & Bukar, A. (2021). Production of Reinforced Polyester Composite from Okra Fibre and Sawdust, Nigerian Journal of Technological Development, 18(4), 288-295.
[4] Chandresh, M. P., Ani Dechamma, C. D., Bhavana, M., Rameshwara, N., & Roopa, S. (2021). Toughening of unsaturated polyester resin by solid elastomers and liquid rubbers: A review, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8(4), 4885-4891.
[5] Diana, K., Volodymyr, L., Ulyana, K., Volodymyr, M. & Andrii, M. (2019). Physicochemical Principles of Synthesis and Modification of Unsaturated Polyester-Polyvinyl Chloride Composites and the properties of Material Derived from Them, International Journal of Polymer Science, 2019, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2547384
[6] Isa., M. T., Ahmed, A. S., Aderemi, B. O., Taib, R. M., & Muhammed-Dabo, I. A. (2015). Effect of Dioctyl Phthalate on the properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin, International Journal of Material Science, 7(1), 9-20.
[7] Gupta, M. K., & Rohit, S. (2018). Flexural and Dynamic Mechanical (DMA) of Polylactic Acid (PLA) Coated Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite, Material Today: Proceedings, 5(1), 6109-6114.
[8] Shayesteh, H., & Gregory, D. S. (2015). Natural Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite: A Literature Review, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composite, 34(14), 1179-1190. DOI:10.1177/0731684415588938
[9] Salar, B. (2012). Fiber Reinforced Polyester Composite, Chapter Matrices Overview, DOI: 10.5772/48697.
[10] Dumbili, E., & Lesley, H. (2020). Plastic Waste and Recycling, Environmental Impact, Social Issues, Prevention and Solutions. 569-583. http://doi.org/101016/B978-012817880-5.00022-0
[11] Kachalla, F. I., Baba, S. K., Ali, M. F., Sheriff, A., & Hadiza, B. G. (2020). The Environmental effects of dumped sachet (Polyethene) water on soil, International Journal of Science and Engineering Research, 11(1), 624-636.
[12] Golam, K. M., Nahid, I. M., Rafat, S., Huy, Q. N., & Monjur, M. (2023). Plastic Waste: Challenges and Opportunities to Mitigate Pollution and Effective Management. International Journal of Environmental Research, 17(1), 1- 37.
[13] Ifeoluwa, O. B. (2019). Harmful Effects and Management of Indiscriminate Solid Waste Disposal on Human and its Environment in Nigeria: A Review, Glob J Res Rev, 6(4), 1427-1431.
[14] Ashrith, S. H., Jeevan, T. P., & Jinyang, Xu (2023). A review on the fabrication and mechanical characterization of Fibrous Composites for Engineering Applications, J. Compos. Sci., 7(6), 252.
[15] Hassan., S. B., Oghenevweta, J. E., &. Aigbodion, V. S (2012). Morphological and Mechanical properties of Carbonized Waste Maize Stalk as reinforcement for Eco-Composites, Composite: Part B., 43(5), 2230-2236.
[16] Jassim, S. M. (2015). Studying some Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Composite Reinforced by Carbon Black Particulate, Journal of Babylon University, Engineering Science, 23(2), 1-5.
[17] Li, Q. W., Jin, Shetty, A., & Gupta, N. (2023). Dynamic Mechanical analysis of Cementitious Composites: Test Method Optimization and Materials Characterization, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 35(8) https://doi.org/10.106/jMCEE7.MTENG-14067
[18] Jacob, J., Mamza, P. A. P., Ahmed, A. S., & Yaro, S. A. (2019). Mechanical and dynamic mechanical characterization of groundnut shell powder filled recycled high density polyethylene composite. Science World Journal 14(1), 92-97.
[19] Rana, S. S., Gupta, M. K., & Srivastava, R. K. (2017). Effect of variation in frequencies on dynamic mechanical properties of short sisal fibre reinforced polyester composite, Materials Today: Proceedings 4(2), 3387-3396.
[20] Sethuraman, B., Subramani, S. P., Palaniappan, S. K., Mylsamy, B., & Aruchamy, K. (2020). Experimental investigation on dynamic mechanical and thermal characteristics of Coccinia Indica Fiber reinforced polyester composites. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 2020(15), 1- 6.
[21] Paiva, J. M. F., & Frollini, E. (2006). Unmodified and Modified Surface Sisal Fibres as Reinforcement of Phenolic and
Lignophenolic Matrices Composites: Thermal analyses of fibres and composites, Macromolecular Materials and
Engineering, 291(4), 405-417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.200500334
[22] Gupta, M. K. (2018). Effects of variation in frequencies on dynamic mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Journal of Material and Environmental Science, 9 (1), 100-106.
[23] Acar, E., & Aydin, M. (2021). Damping behaviour of Al/SiC functionally graded and metal matrix composites, Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies., 9(2), 578-585. https://doi.org/10.1080/21870764.2021.1904606.