Comparative Analysis of the Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic and Silver Nitrate synthesized Extract of Mango Leaf and Bark against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus from Clinical Samples
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Abstract
Background/Aim: Nano-sized particles are recently being explored to improve delivery and efficacy of various medicinal. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the leaf and bark of Mangifera indica against two selected clinical isolates (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus). Materials and Methods: The active constituents from the powdered leaf and bark was extracted via use of ethanol (70%). Silver nanoparticles were prepared by green synthesis technique using Mangifera indica (Mango leaf and bark) while UV–Vis spectroscopy was used for its characterization. Antibacterial profile of the isolates with standard antibiotics as well as the antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was determined using disk and agar diffusion method. Results: The results showed that the bark and leaf extracts of M. indica had significant antibacterial activity against the isolates when compared to standard antibiotics such as Cloxacillin, Augmentin, Ceftraroline and Ceftriazone while Ofloxacine had highest activity of 20 mm and 23 mm for S. aureus and E. coli respectively. Ethanol extracts showed highest inhibition at 23mm (bark) and 15mm (leaf). The band energy of the synthesized nanoparticle was calculated as 393 nm from UV–Vis, which confirmed the Ag nanoparticles. The AgNo3 displayed significant antibacterial activity against E. coli (10mm) and S. aureus (13mm). The result indicated that the AgNo3 antibacterial activity was higher against S. aureus than against E. coli. Conclusion: This study reveals significant antibacterial activity of crude mango leaf and bark extract as well as silver nanoparticle against the clinical isolates in comparison to some standard antibiotics. Further study on the extraction of the bioactive agent in the plant is required to provide a variety of novel components for drug discovery.
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